United States v. Rangel

── United States v. Rangel ── Court: Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit Date: April 27, 2026 Category: General Appellate Case: 25-4075 Document: 44-1 Date Filed: 04/27/2026 Page: 1 FILED United States Court of Appeals UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS Tenth Circuit FOR THE TENTH CIRCUIT April 27, 2026 _________________________________ Christopher M. Wolpert Clerk of Court UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Plaintiff - Appellee, v. No. 25-4075 (D.C. No. 1:22-CR-00092-HCN-1) MICHAEL ANTHONY RANGEL, (D. Utah) Defendant - Appellant. _________________________________ ORDER AND JUDGMENT * _________________________________ Before McHUGH, BALDOCK, and ROSSMAN, Circuit Judges. _________________________________ Michael Anthony Rangel was convicted of being a felon in possession of a firearm and ammunition in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(1). The district court sentenced him to 84 months in prison. Mr. Rangel appeals, arguing the district court plainly erred because § 922(g)(1) is unconstitutional under the Second Amendment in light of New York State Rifle & Pistol Ass’n v. Bruen, 597 U.S. 1 (2022). He concedes that current Tenth Circuit law forecloses this argument, and he seeks only After examining the briefs and appellate record, this panel has determined * unanimously to honor the parties’ request for a decision on the briefs without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(f); 10th Cir. R. 34.1(G). The case is therefore submitted without oral argument. This order and judgment is not binding precedent, except under the doctrines of law of the case, res judicata, and collateral estoppel. It may be cited, however, for its persuasive value consistent with Fed. R. App. P. 32.1 and 10th Cir. R. 32.1.  Appellate Case: 25-4075 Document: 44-1 Date Filed: 04/27/2026 Page: 2 to preserve this issue “should the Supreme Court grant certiorari and change the law on this issue while his appeal is still pending.” Opening Br. at 3. The Supreme Court in Bruen considered whether a state licensing regime violated the Second Amendment. 597 U.S. at 11. The Court adopted a framework for evaluating whether a law infringes on the Second Amendment: any conduct covered by the plain text of the Second Amendment is presumptively protected unless the government can demonstrate a historical tradition of “relevantly similar” firearms regulations from the founding era. Id. at 24, 28–29. In Vincent v. Garland (“Vincent I”), 80 F.4th 1197, 1201–02 (10th Cir. 2023), this court held that Bruen did not abrogate the Tenth Circuit’s case law upholding the constitutionality of § 922(g)(1). The Supreme Court granted Vincent certiorari, vacated the judgment, and remanded. Vincent v. Garland, 144 S. Ct. 2708 (2024). The Court directed the Tenth Circuit to further consider Vincent’s argument in light of United States v. Rahimi, 602 U.S. 680 (2024). In Rahimi, the Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of § 922(g)(8), which prohibits individuals subject to a domestic violence restraining order from possessing a firearm. See 602 U.S. at 684– 85, 700. On remand, this court “freshly considered” Vincent’s argument that § 922(g)(1) was unconstitutional and concluded “that Rahimi doesn’t undermine the panel’s earlier reasoning or result.” Vincent v. Bondi (“Vincent II”), 127 F.4th 1263, 1264 (10th Cir. 2025). The Supreme